Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge

Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
Kanuti River in the refuge
Map of Alaska, United States
Location	Alaska, United States
Nearest city	Allakaket, Alaska
Coordinates	66°25′00″N 151°50′00″W / 66.416667°N 151.833333°W / 66.416667; -151.833333Coordinates: 66°25′00″N 151°50′00″W / 66.416667°N 151.833333°W / 66.416667; -151.833333
Area	1,640,000 acres (6,600 km2)
Established	1980
Governing body	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Website	Kanuti NWR

Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge is a national wildlife refuge in central Alaska, United States. One of 16 refuges in Alaska, it was established in 1980 when Congress passed The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA). At 1,640,000 acres (6,600 km²), Kanuti Refuge is about the size of the state of Delaware. Located at the Arctic Circle, the refuge is a prime example of Alaska's boreal ecosystem. It is dominated by black and white spruce, with some white birch and poplars.

The region's short, hot summers are marked by numerous thunderstorms and lightning strikes, leading to a continuous cycle of burn and recovery. Natural wildfires create diverse habitats with the different plant species supporting a variety of wildlife. The refuge's boreal forest is home to 37 species of mammals, including two species of fox, Canadian lynx, brown and black bears, wolf packs, Alaskan moose, mink, coyote packs, muskrat, beaver, marten river otter, muskoxen, and wolverine. Caribou from the Western Arctic and Ray Mountain herds occasionally winter on Kanuti, as well.

The refuge's migratory fish, chinook, chum and coho salmon, as well as sheefish, are creatures of extremes. Its sheefish make the longest spawning journey of any of their species, while Kanuti's salmon have to swim more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) up the Yukon River before entering the Koyukuk River system to spawn. Refuge waters support twelve other fish species, including arctic grayling and northern pike.