Kanpaku

In Japan, Sesshō (摂政^?) was a title given to a regent who was named to act on behalf of either a child emperor before his coming of age, or an empress regnant. The Kampaku (関白^?) was theoretically a sort of chief advisor for the emperor, but was the title of both first secretary and regent who assists an adult emperor. During a certain period in the Heian era, they were the effective rulers of Japan. There was little, if any, effective difference between the two titles, and several individuals merely changed titles as child emperors grew to adulthood, or adult emperors retired or died and were replaced by child emperors. The two titles were collectively known as Sekkan (摂関^?), and the families that exclusively held the titles were called Sekkan-ke or Sekkan family. After the Heian era, shogunates took over the power.

Both sesshō and kampaku were styled as denka( or tenga in historical pronunciation; 殿下; his highness) as like Empress consort, Empress dowager, and imperial princes and princesses.

A retired kampaku is called Taikō (太閤^?), which came to commonly refer to Toyotomi Hideyoshi.

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