Juno (spacecraft)
Artist's rendering of the Juno spacecraft
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| Mission type | Jupiter orbiter | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Operator | NASA / JPL | ||||||||||||||||||
| COSPAR ID | 2011-040A | ||||||||||||||||||
| SATCAT no. | 37773 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Website |
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| Mission duration | Planned: 7 years Elapsed: 5 years, 6 months, 14 days Cruise: 5 years Science phase: 2 years |
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| Spacecraft properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturer | Lockheed Martin | ||||||||||||||||||
| Launch mass | 3,625 kg (7,992 lb) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dry mass | 1,593 kg (3,512 lb) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dimensions | 20.1 × 4.6 m (66 × 15 ft) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Power | 14 kW at Earth, 435 W at Jupiter 2 × 55-A·h lithium-ion batteries |
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| Start of mission | |||||||||||||||||||
| Launch date | August 5, 2011, 16:25 UTC | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rocket | Atlas V 551 (AV-029) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Contractor | United Launch Alliance | ||||||||||||||||||
| Flyby of Earth | |||||||||||||||||||
| Closest approach | October 9, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Distance | 559 km (347 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jupiter orbiter | |||||||||||||||||||
| Orbital insertion | July 5, 2016, 03:53 UTC 7 months, 14 days ago |
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| Orbits | 37 (planned) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Orbit parameters | |||||||||||||||||||
| Perijove | 4,200 km (2,600 mi) altitude 75,600 km (47,000 mi) radius |
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| Apojove | 8.1 million kilometers | ||||||||||||||||||
| Inclination | 90 degrees (polar orbit) | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Instruments | |
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| MWR | Microwave Radiometer |
| JIRAM | Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper |
| MAG | Magnetometer |
| GS | Gravity Science |
| JADE | Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment |
| JEDI | Jovian Energetic Particle Detector Instrument |
| Waves | Radio and Plasma Wave Sensor |
| UVS | Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph |
Juno mission insignia
Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. It was built by Lockheed Martin and is operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011 (UTC), as part of the New Frontiers program, and entered a polar orbit of Jupiter on July 5, 2016 (UTC), to begin a scientific investigation of the planet. After completing its mission, Juno will be intentionally deorbited into Jupiter's atmosphere.
Juno's mission is to measure Jupiter's composition, gravity field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere. It will also search for clues about how the planet formed, including whether it has a rocky core, the amount of water present within the deep atmosphere, mass distribution, and its deep winds, which can reach speeds of 618 kilometers per hour (384 mph).
Juno is the second spacecraft to orbit Jupiter, after the nuclear powered Galileo orbiter, which orbited from 1995 to 2003. Unlike all earlier spacecraft to the outer planets,Juno is powered only by solar arrays, commonly used by satellites orbiting Earth and working in the inner Solar System, whereas radioisotope thermoelectric generators are commonly used for missions to the outer Solar System and beyond. For Juno, however, the three largest solar array wings ever deployed on a planetary probe play an integral role in stabilizing the spacecraft as well as generating power.
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