July Days

July Days
Part of the Russian Revolution of 1917
Petrograd, 17 July 1917
Date 16–20 July 1917 Location Petrograd, Russia Result Government victory, dispersion of demonstrations and strikes, arrest of Bolsheviks, workers, and sailors.
Belligerents
Demonstrators Bolshevik Party Anarchists	Russian government Socialist Revolutionary Party Mensheviks
Commanders and leaders
Vladimir Lenin Leon Trotsky Pavel Dybenko Grigory Zinoviev	Alexander Kerensky
Strength
500,000 unarmed demonstrators, 4,000–5,000 Red Guard soldiers, a few hundred anarchist sailors, and 12,000 soldiers and low-rank officers	Several thousand police and soldiers
Casualties and losses
700 wounded demonstrators, 16 people killed and 100 arrested	24 killed

Demonstrators

Russian government

The July Days refers to events in 1917 that took place in Petrograd, Russia, between 3 July and 7 July (Julian calendar) (16 July – 20 July, Gregorian calendar), when soldiers and industrial workers engaged in spontaneous armed demonstrations against the Russian Provisional Government. The Bolsheviks initially attempted to prevent the demonstrations and then decided to support them. (Dates given in article Gregorian Calendar.)

The Bolsheviks intended to hold peaceful demonstrations. However, armed clashes broke out. Lenin went into hiding, while other leaders were arrested. The outcome of the July Days represented a temporary decline in the growth of Bolshevik power and influence in the period before the October Revolution.

On 16 July spontaneous demonstrations broke out in Petrograd. They were started by the soldiers of the 1st Machine-gun Regiment, who were influenced by the anarchists. At a secret conference on 15 July the anarchists had decided to summon the workers and soldiers of Petrograd to an anti-government demonstration.

The machine gunners' appeal met a favorable response from the soldiers of the Moscow, Pavlovsky, Grenadiers, and 1st Reserve regiments. These units marched out in a demonstration under the slogan "All Power to the Soviets". Workers from factories joined them. The leadership of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, dominated by Mensheviks and SRs, forbade the demonstration.

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