Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel
| Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Personal details | |
| Born |
March 11, 1864 Mula, Murcia |
| Died | January 11, 1938 (aged 73) Madrid |
| Political party | Partido Liberal-Conservador |
| Profession | Lawyer and politician |
Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel (Mula, Murcia, March 11, 1864 - January 11, 1938, Madrid) was a Spanish politician and lawyer, who served during the reign of Alfonso XIII as Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts, of the Interior, of War, and of Finance and Development, and in the last government of the monarchy as Minister of Development.
Cierva was the son of lawyer and notary public Juan de la Cierva y Soto, from Murcia. He married a daughter of the banker Eleuterio Peñafiel, who was active between 1860 and 1890.
He graduated in law from the University of Madrid, beginning his political career with the Spanish Partido Liberal-Conservador (English: "Liberal-Conservative Party") as a councillor in 1895, and became the Mayor of Murcia and provincial leader of the Conservatives. In 1896, he was given writ to stand as a deputy congressman for the region of his birth, but failed to be elected. On the next occasion he was elected as an Independent politician, and was continually re-elected from 1923 to 1927.
During the Spanish Civil War he took refuge in the embassy of Norway. Because there was no medicine there, and such a deprivation of provisions, he died there on January 11, 1938.
From 1902, Cierva built a network of political secret contacts, who maintained absolute power of the people, in exchange for political loyalty to the royal family. This time is known in Murcia as ciervismo. Cierva's political hegemony was strained by the class struggle and the establishment of the Spanish Second Republic.
He was the Minister for Education and the Minister for Arts December 16, 1904 and April 8, 19ö5, respectively, in separate governments presided by Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero and Raimundo Fernández Villaverde.
...
Wikipedia