Josiah Holbrook
| Josiah Holbrook | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Born |
June 17, 1788 Derby, Connecticut |
| Died | July 14, 1854 (aged 66) Lynchburg, Virginia |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Educator |
Josiah Holbrook (1788–1854) was the founder of the Lyceum movement in the United States. He spent most of his life promoting the movement and manufacturing scientific tools for use in lyceums.
Holbrook was born and raised on the family farm June 17, 1788, in Derby, Connecticut. His father was Colonel Daniel Holbrook.
Holbrook received private education in the way of college prep studies under pastor Amasa Porter of Derby, England. He entered Yale College in 1806. While there scientist Benjamin Silliman got him interested in chemistry and mineralogy. He graduated from there in 1810. Holbrook then did some teaching in farm technology in the northeastern states, where he also lectured on geology.
Holbrook married Lucy Swift in 1814. They had two sons. His wife died in 1819. Holbrook's parents died about this same time and he inherited the family farm. He then learned animal husbandry in addition to the scientific farm techniques he was already working with. Farming and agriculture was where he devoted his labors then.
Holbrook organized the first industrial school in the United States. It was modeled after the agronomy ideas of Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg of Switzerland. Holbrook's school was the main motivator in the new movement of lyceum schooling and industrial training in the United States. Holbrook was the inspiration behind the American Lyceum Association, the second national education association. Its purpose was, (1) to get better government support for public schools; (2) to upgrade the skills of teachers; (3) to have college prep courses in public schools; (4) to upgrade school text books and materials of instruction; (5) to teach the natural sciences as regular courses; (6) to upgrade teaching equipment; and (7) to get young ladies involved in early education for careers.
Holbrook published in early 1826 an article in Henry Barnard's Journal of Education proposing the organizing of the lyceum school concept. He then founded the first lyceum school in the United States. It was formed in Millbury, Massachusetts later in 1826. Towns in other States followed his example and by 1827 these other schools were combined together, forming the first nationwide organization of lyceum schools. He wanted a broad social structure that would provide a common education for young adults to help in their future careers. Holbrook was successful in his Boston business and used his profits for producing equipment to use in educational establishments. He traveled throughout the New England states promoting the lyceum school idea with instruction pamphlets he created and lectures he did. In 1832–1833 he edited the Family Lyceum.
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