Joseph Tyan
| Joseph VII Tyan (يوسف السابع تيّان) |
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|---|---|
| Patriarch of Antioch | |
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| Church | Maronite Church |
| See | Patriarch of Antioch |
| Elected | April 28, 1796 |
| Term ended | 1809 |
| Predecessor | Philip Gemayel |
| Successor | John Helou |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | (Priest) 1784 |
| Consecration | (Bishop) August 6, 1786 by Joseph Estephan |
| Personal details | |
| Born | March 15, 1760 Beirut |
| Died | February 20, 1820 (aged 59) Qannubin Monastery, Kadisha Valley |
Joseph VII Peter Tyan (born on March 15, 1760 in Beirut, Lebanon – died on February 20, 1820 in Qannubin, Lebanon) (or Youssef Tyan, Youssef Tiyen, Thian, Tian, Tyen, Al-Tiyyan, Arabic: يوسف السابع تيّان) was the 66th Maronite Patriarch of Antioch from 1796 until his resignation in 1809.
Joseph Tyan was born in Beirut, Lebanon on March 15, 1760. He studied in Rome in the College of the Propaganda where he remained from 1773 to 1782. In 1783 and 1784 he played an important role in supporting Patriarch Joseph Estephan's reconciliation with the Roman authorities. Joseph Tyan was ordained as a priest in 1784, and he was appointed Maronite bishop of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Damascus and consecrated on August 6, 1786 by Patriarch Joseph Estephan. Even if Rome judged his episcopal ordination as not in line with the current rules, Tyan was appointed Patriarchal Vicar in 1788.
After the death of Patriarch Joseph Estephan in 1793, two short-reigning Patriarchs followed, and finally on April 28, 1796 Joseph Tyan was elected patriarch, even if opposed by the Khazen Sheikhes. His election was confirmed by Pope Pius VI on July 24, 1797.
In March 1801 Joseph Tyan wrote an encyclical to his faithful against the Jansenistic doctrine of Germanos Adam, thus defending papal primacy.
Patriarch Joseph Tyan took a stand against the Ottoman government, and during the French Campaign in Egypt and Syria he supported Napoleon in the siege of Acre (1799), urging Maronites to volunteer and asking Emir Bashir II to ally himself with Napoleon. Despite Tyan's hopes, Emir Bashir remained neutral and the British-Ottoman alliance defeated Napoleon at Akko.
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