John McEwen
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The Right Honourable Sir John McEwen GCMG, CH |
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| 18th Prime Minister of Australia | |
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In office 19 December 1967 – 10 January 1968 |
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| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Governor-General | Lord Casey |
| Deputy | John Gorton |
| Preceded by | Harold Holt |
| Succeeded by | John Gorton |
| 1st Deputy Prime Minister of Australia | |
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In office 10 January 1968 – 5 February 1971 |
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| Prime Minister | John Gorton |
| Preceded by | Position Officially Established |
| Succeeded by | Doug Anthony |
| Leader of the Country Party | |
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In office 26 March 1958 – 5 February 1971 |
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| Deputy |
Charles Davidson Charles Adermann Doug Anthony |
| Preceded by | Arthur Fadden |
| Succeeded by | Doug Anthony |
| Deputy Leader of the Country Party | |
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In office 12 March 1941 – 26 March 1958 |
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| Leader | Arthur Fadden |
| Preceded by | Arthur Fadden |
| Succeeded by | Charles Davidson |
| Member of the Australian Parliament for Indi | |
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In office 23 October 1937 – 10 December 1949 |
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| Preceded by | William Hutchinson |
| Succeeded by | |
| Member of the Australian Parliament for Murray | |
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In office 10 December 1949 – 20 March 1971 |
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| Preceded by | seat created |
| Succeeded by | Bruce Lloyd |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
29 March 1900 Chiltern, Victoria, British Empire |
| Died | 20 November 1980 (aged 80) Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
| Political party | Country Party |
| Spouse(s) |
Dame Anne Mills McEwen (née McLeod) (m. 1921–1967; her death) Mary Eileen McEwen (née Byrne) (m. 1968–1980; his death) |
Sir John McEwen, GCMG, CH (29 March 1900 – 20 November 1980) was an Australian politician and the 18th Prime Minister of Australia. He was the last member of the Country Party to serve as Prime Minister. He was nicknamed "Black Jack" by Robert Menzies due to his dark 'beetle-browed' appearance and temper.
McEwen was born at Chiltern, Victoria to David James McEwen, a pharmacist from Ireland, and his second wife, Amy Ellen (née Porter; died 1901). His father died in 1907 and consequently McEwen was raised by his grandmother with her sister. He was educated at state schools and at 15 became a junior public service clerk. He enlisted in the Army immediately upon turning 18 but the First World War ended while he was still in training. He commenced dairy farming at Tongala (Victoria), near Shepparton, and then changed to sheep and cattle farming in nearby Stanhope.
McEwen was active in farmer organisations and in the Country Party. In 1934 he was elected to the House of Representatives for the electorate of Echuca. That seat was abolished in 1937, and McEwen followed most of his constituents into Indi. He changed seats again in 1949, when Murray was carved out of the northwestern portion of Indi and McEwen transferred there. Between 1937 and 1941 he was successively Minister for the Interior, Minister for External Affairs and simultaneously Minister for Air and Minister for Civil Aviation. In 1940 when Archie Cameron resigned as Country Party leader he contested the leadership ballot against Sir Earle Page: the ballot was tied and Arthur Fadden was chosen as the independent.
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