Jhain
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Chhan Jhain, Jhayin |
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|---|---|
| village | |
 Chhan
Chhan
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| Coordinates: 25°53′27″N 76°28′56″E / 25.89077°N 76.48234°ECoordinates: 25°53′27″N 76°28′56″E / 25.89077°N 76.48234°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Rajasthan |
| District | Sawai Madhopur |
| Tehsil | Khandar |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2.5963 km2 (1.0024 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 223 m (732 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 1,015 |
| • Density | 390/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Postal Index Number | 322001 |
| STD code | 01435 |
Chhan is a village in the Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan, India. It is identified with Jhain (or Jhayin), which is mentioned in the Delhi Sultanate chronicles as an important town of 13th and 14th century India.
Chhan is identified with the Jhain town mentioned in the Delhi Sultanate chronicles. In the late 13th century, Jhain was a part of the Chahamana kingdom, and guarded the approaches to the kingdom's capital Ranthambore.
According to the Delhi Sultanate chronicles, Jhain was renamed to Shahr-i Nau ("new town") in 1301. Therefore, historian Kishori Saran Lal (1950) speculated that Jhain may be the modern Naya Gaon (or Naigaon) village located near Ranthambore. However, Satya Prakash Gupta (1975) identified Jhain with Chhan (or Chhain), located between Naya Gaon and Ranthambore, around 16 km from Naya Gaon. Gupta notes that according to the Mughal courtier Abul Fazl, the pass of Jhain led to Ranthambhore. This description fits Chhan, where the road to Ranthambore ascends the hills. The Sultanate records also show that Jhain was located very close to Ranthambore: Jhain is located around 11 km south-east of Ranthambore.
According to Miftah al-Futuh of the Delhi courtier Amir Khusrau, the Delhi Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji invaded Jhain in 1291. When Jalaluddin came close to the Jhain fort, a Chahamana army led by Gardan Saini came out of the fort and fought the invaders. After the battle ended with a Delhi victory and Saini's death, the remaining Chahamana contingents stationed at Jhain evacuated the fort, and retreated to Ranthambore. The invaders subsequently plundered Jhain, and dismantled the fort. Jalaluddin admired the non-Islamic sculpture and carvings of Jhain, but being an iconoclast, he broke the idols. The Miftah al-Futuh claims that this battle resulted in deaths of thousands of defenders, but only one Turkic soldier of Delhi was killed.
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