Jesse C. Dayton (born 1825 in Westerlo, Albany County, New York) was an American merchant and politician from New York.
In 1844, he went to New York City, became first a clerk, and then a merchant. Later he bought a farm in Watervliet where he resided while still looking after his business interests in New York City. He was Supervisor of Watervliet in 1873.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (13th D.) in 1874 and 1875.