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Jerusalem's Old City and its Walls

UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls
Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List
Old City (Jerusalem).jpg
Map of Jerusalem - the old city - EN.png
Location No country named by UNESCO
Site proposed by Jordan
Type Cultural
Criteria ii, iii, vi
Reference 148
UNESCO region Jerusalem District
Inscription history
Inscription 1981 (5th Session)
Endangered 1982–present

The Old City (Hebrew: העיר העתיקה‎‎, Ha'Ir Ha'Atiqah, Arabic: البلدة القديمة‎‎, al-Balda al-Qadimah) is a 0.9 square kilometers (0.35 sq mi) walled area within the modern city of Jerusalem. Until 1860, when the Jewish neighborhood Mishkenot Sha'ananim was established, this area constituted the entire city of Jerusalem. The Old City is home to several sites of key religious importance: the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque for Muslims, the Temple Mount and Western Wall for Jews and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre for Christians, It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site List in 1981.

Traditionally, the Old City has been divided into four uneven quarters, although the current designations were introduced only in the 19th century. Today, the Old City is roughly divided (going counterclockwise from the northeastern corner) into the Muslim Quarter, Christian Quarter, Armenian Quarter and Jewish Quarter. The Old City's monumental defensive walls and city gates were built in the years 1535–1542 by the Turkish sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. The current population of the Old City resides mostly in the Muslim and Christian quarters. As of 2007 the total population was 36,965; the breakdown of religious groups in 2006 was 27,500 Muslims (up from ca. 17,000 in 1967, with over 30,000 by 2013, tendency: growing); 5,681 Christians (ca. 6,000 in 1967), not including the 790 Armenians (down to ca. 500 by 2011, tendency: decreasing); and 3,089 Jews (starting with none in 1967, as they were evicted after the Old City was captured by Jordan following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, with almost 3,000 plus some 1,500 yeshiva students by 2013, tendency: growing).


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