Jeep Tornado engine
| Jeep Tornado | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Also called |
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| Production | 1962-1973 |
| Combustion chamber | |
| Displacement | 230.5 cu in (3.78 L) |
| Cylinder bore | 3.34375 in (84.9 mm) |
| Piston stroke | 4.375 in (111.1 mm) |
| Cylinder block alloy | Iron |
| Cylinder head alloy | Iron |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Compression ratio | 8.5:1 or 7.5:1 |
| Output | |
| Power output |
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| Specific power |
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| Torque output |
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| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Willys Super Hurricane |
| Successor | AMC straight-6 engine |
The Jeep Tornado engine was the first post-World War II U.S.-designed mass-produced overhead cam (OHC) automobile engine. The 230.5 cu in (3.78 L) straight-six was introduced in mid-year 1962, and replaced the flathead 6-226 Willys Super Hurricane that was in use since 1954.
The Tornado engine was also manufactured in Argentina by Industrias Kaiser Argentina (IKA) from 1965 to 1973.
The development of a new engine for Kaiser Jeep for an entirely new vehicle began under Chief Engineer, A.C. "Sammy" Sampietro, in the late-1950s. Sampietro worked under Donald Healey in Europe and focused on improving power output through better engine breathing. The single overhead cam design was combined with hemispheric combustion chambers. Mass production of the new engine began in 1962.
The Jeep Tornado engine was introduced in the Willys Jeep Wagon and truck models. Six-cylinder versions built after May 3, 1962, received the 230 OHC "Tornado" engine, replacing the 226 L-head "Super Hurricane" I6. It was made the standard engine in the completely new Jeep Wagoneer station wagons (today called SUV) and Jeep Gladiator pickup trucks that began production in the fall 1962 for the 1963 model year.
The Tornado was the only U.S.-built overhead-cam engine in production at that time. The new engine was designed for robust, heavy-duty performance with maximum efficiency. Its excellent fuel economy was proven in tests with the Tornado-OHC engine having the lowest specific fuel consumption of all production gasoline engines on the market.
The Tornado, like most Jeep engines, was undersquare for better low-speed torque. It had a 311/32 inch (84.93mm) bore with a 43/8 inch (111.1mm) stroke. The standard version had an 8.5:1 compression ratio. Output was 140 hp (100 kW) at 4000 rpm and 210 lb·ft (280 N·m) of torque at 1750 rpm. A low-compression (7.5:1) version was also available, with 133 hp (99 kW) at 4000 rpm and 199 lb·ft (270 N·m) of torque at 2400 rpm. It was a "high-efficiency" engine with a conservatively rated power output.
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Wikipedia