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Jean Castelbert de Castelverd

Jean Castelbert de Castelverd
Born 17 July 1743 (1743-07-17)
Montauban, France
Died 10 August 1820 (1820-08-11) (aged 77)
Allegiance  Kingdom of France
 French First Republic
Service/branch Cavalry, Infantry
Years of service 1774–1797
Rank General of Division
Battles/wars
Awards Order of Saint-Louis, 1814

Jean Castelbert de Castelverd (17 July 1743 – 10 August 1820) commanded a French division during the French Revolutionary Wars until he lost his nerve during a 1796 battle and was dismissed. In 1792 he assumed command of a volunteer unit. He fought in the War of the Pyrenees against the Kingdom of Spain, winning promotion to general of brigade in 1793 and general of division in 1795. The following year he and his division were sent from Belgium to reinforce the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse which was defending the line of the Lahn River. In the Battle of Limburg in September 1796 he abandoned his position in disobedience to orders even though his troops were not under enemy pressure. He was soon removed from command and retired from the army in 1801.

Castelverd was born on 17 July 1743 at Montauban in the Tarn-et-Garonne department of France. He appears in the list of the 11th Curaissiers as a ''sous-lieutenant'' on 19 May 1774, in the Royal Roussillon. He also received an award of 300 livres in 1783, in consideration of his services as a first lieutenant of staff. Beyond this, though, his early military career is a mystery: one source identified him as a colonel of the Légion des Volontaires de Luxembourg on 1 October 1785. This was a unit of marines. However, another source gave the colonel's name as Paul-Emmanuel-Sigismond de Montmorency-Luxembourg in 1786. Furthermore, no Castelbert or Castelverd was listed among the legion's five lieutenant colonels nor in the list of other officers. On 16 September 1792, Castelverd emerged as chef de brigade of the Légion des Pyrénées. He served with the Army of the Western Pyrenees during the War of the Pyrenees and was described as a "vigilant officer, full of candor and honor". Castelverd earned promotion to general of brigade on 15 May 1793.


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