Jean-Pierre Boyer
| Jean-Pierre Boyer | |
|---|---|
_Portrait.jpg) |
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| 2nd President of Haiti | |
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In office 30 March 1818 – 13 February 1843 |
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| Preceded by | Alexandre Pétion |
| Succeeded by | Charles Rivière-Hérard |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
15 February 1776 Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue |
| Died | 9 July 1850 (aged 74) Paris, France |
| Nationality | Haitian |
| Spouse(s) | Marie-Madeleine Lachenais |
Jean-Pierre Boyer (possibly 15 February 1776 – 9 July 1850) was one of the leaders of the Haitian Revolution, and President of Haiti from 1818 to 1843. He reunited the north and south of Haiti in 1820 and also annexed newly independent Spanish Haiti (Santo Domingo), which brought all of Hispaniola under one Haitian government by 1822. Boyer managed to rule for the longest period of time of any of the revolutionary leaders of his generation.
Boyer was born in Port-au-Prince and was the son of a French tailor, and an African mother; a former slave from Guinea. He was sent to France by his father to become educated. During the French Revolution, he fought as a battalion commander, and fought against Toussaint Louverture in the early years of the Haitian Revolution. He later allied himself with André Rigaud, also of mulatto ancestry, in the latter's abortive insurrection against Toussaint to try to keep control of the southern region of Saint-Domingue.
After going into exile in France, Boyer and Alexandre Pétion, returned in 1802 with the French troops led by General Charles Leclerc. After it became clear the French were going to try to reimpose slavery and restrictions on free gens de couleur, Boyer joined the patriots under Pétion and Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who led the colony to independence. After Pétion rose to power in the State of Haiti in the South, he chose Boyer as his successor. He was reportedly under the influence of his (and his predecessor's) lover, Marie-Madeleine Lachenais, who acted as his political adviser.
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