Java War (1741–1743)
| Java War | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of a series of struggles against the Dutch colonial government |
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Joint army of Chinese and Javanese | Dutch East India Company officers and assorted groups | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Singseh (POW) Khe Pandjang Pakubuwono II (1741) Notokusumo (POW) |
Bartholomeus Visscher Hugo Verijsel Cakraningrat IV Pakubuwono II (1742–1743) |
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| Strength | |||||||
| 23,500 (highest) | 3,400 (highest) | ||||||
The Java War (also called the Chinese War) of 1741 to 1743 was an armed struggle by a joint Chinese and Javanese army against the Dutch colonial government. Fighting took place in central and eastern Java. The Dutch won the conflict which led to the fall of the Sultanate of Mataram and, indirectly, the founding of both the Sunanate of Surakarta and the Sultanate of Yogyakarta.
After Dutch forces Batavia massacre of 10,000 ethnic Chinese in Batavia, Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta), a group of survivors led by Khe Pandjang headed east for Semarang. Despite being warned of the impending uprising, the head of the Dutch East India Company's military Bartholomeus Visscher ignored his advisers and did not prepare reinforcements. The court of Pakubuwono II, Sunan of Mataram, decided to tentatively support the Chinese while seemingly helping the Dutch.
After the first casualties on 1 February 1741 in Pati, Chinese insurgents spread through central Java, joining forces with the Javanese while staging sham battles to convince the Dutch that the Javanese were supporting the Dutch. As the deception became increasingly obvious and the Chinese drew closer to Semarang, Visscher became mentally unstable. After capturing Rembang, Tanjung, and Jepara, the joint Chinese and Javanese army besieged Semarang in June 1741. In response, Visscher issued an order to eliminate all Chinese in Java. Prince Cakraningrat IV of Madura offered his alliance, and worked from Madura westward, killing any Chinese he and his troops could find and quashing the rebellion in eastern Java.
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