Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)

Taiwan Expedition of 1874
Part of the
Commander-in-chief Saigo and his staff. The Battle of Stonegate (石門進撃), May 22, 1874.
Date May 1874 Location Qing Taiwan (Taiwan Prefecture, Fujian Province, Qing dynasty) Result Japanese military victory occupation of Taiwan payment of indemnity by China to Japan Territorial changes Occupation of Taiwan by Japan
Belligerents
Empire of Japan	Qing Dynasty Paiwan
Commanders and leaders
Saigō Tsugumichi	Tauketok †
Strength
Land: 3,600 Sea: unknown	unknown
Casualties and losses
6 killed ~30 wounded	~30 killed
531 Japanese troops are said to have died of disease during the expedition and occupation.

The Japanese punitive expedition to Taiwan in 1874, referred to in Japan as the Taiwan Expedition (Japanese: 台湾出兵, Hepburn: Taiwan Shuppei^?) and in Taiwan and mainland China as the Mudan incident (Chinese: 牡丹社事件), was a punitive expedition launched by the Japanese in retaliation for the murder of 54 Ryukyuan sailors by Paiwan aborigines near the southwestern tip of Taiwan in December 1871. The success of the expedition, which marked the first overseas deployment of the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy, revealed the fragility of the Qing dynasty's hold on Taiwan and encouraged further Japanese adventurism. Diplomatically, Japan's embroilment with China in 1874 was eventually resolved by a British arbitration under which Qing China agreed to compensate Japan for property damage. Some ambiguous wording in the agreed terms were later argued by Japan to be confirmation of Chinese renunciation of suzerainty over the Ryukyu Islands, paving the way for de facto Japanese incorporation of Ryukyu in 1879.

In December 1871 a Ryukyuan vessel was shipwrecked near the southern tip of Taiwan. Fifty-four members of its crew of 66 were beheaded by the Paiwan aborigines. The remaining 12 crewmen were rescued by Han Chinese and were transferred to Tainan in southern Taiwan. The local Qing Chinese government officials transferred them to Fujian province in mainland China. From there, the Qing government arranged to send them back home.

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