Japan Air Transport
| Founded | October 30, 1928 |
|---|---|
| Commenced operations | 1929 |
| Ceased operations | December 1938 (merged into Imperial Japanese Airways) |
| Operating bases |
Tachikawa, Tokyo (1929-1931) Haneda Airport (1931-1938) |
| Destinations | Manchukuo |
Japan Air Transport Corporation (日本航空輸送株式会社 Nihon Kōkū Yusō Kabushiki Kaisha?) was the national airline of the Empire of Japan from 1928 to 1938.
Commercial aviation began in Japan with the privately held Japan Air Transport Institute, which pioneered passenger service between Sakai, Osaka and Tokushima on Shikoku island on 3 November 1922.
On 30 October 1928, the Japanese government established the Japan Air Transport Corporation (JAT) as the national flag carrier under the Ministry of Communications. JAT absorbed the Japan Air Transport Institute and two other small companies and began scheduled passenger services in 1929. It initially used the Imperial Japanese Army air base at Tachikawa as its terminal in Tokyo. JAT later moved to Haneda Airport, which was completed in August 1931.
JAT was heavily subsidized by the Japanese government, receiving the equivalent of $1 billion in today's currency prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor. During the early 1930s, its aircraft were often chartered (for free) by the military for missions in Asia, especially during the 1931 invasion of Manchuria.
This role declined as military transport missions in China were taken over by three new carriers that JAT helped to establish: Manchukuo National Airways in 1932, Huitong Airways in 1936 and China Airways in 1938. These subsidiary companies were joint ventures between JAT and the puppet governments of Manchukuo and the Provisional Government of the Republic of China.
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