Jan Porcellis
| Jan Porcellis | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1580/1584 Ghent |
| Died | January 29, 1632 Zoeterwoude |
| Nationality | Dutch |
| Known for | Painting |
| Movement | Marine art |
Jan Porcellis (1580/84 Ghent – 29 January 1632 Zoeterwude) was a Dutch marine artist in the seventeenth century. His works initiated a “decisive transition from early realism to the tonal phase,” fostering a new style and subject in marine painting by focusing on overcast skies and rough waters, a radical break from maritime art’s previous focus on the grandeur of ships in historical settings (Slive, p. 216). This style of greater simplicity surrounding maritime art, with the majority of the canvas displaying sea and sky, set the grounds for later works in this genre.
Jan Porcellis was born at Ghent, around 1580 or 1584. Though his birth date can’t be exactly determined, it can’t be after 1584, since in that year his parents joined Protestants fleeing from Ghent, a city that had recently captured by Spaniards from the Northern Netherlands for a second time. He married in Rotterdam in 1605. His daughter was baptized in 1609 in Middleburg, and was an extensive traveler. According to Arnold Houbraken, Porcellis studied with Hendrick Vroom as a teacher, though this remains unproven.
His early paintings date from 1612. His style became recognizable because of the use of many different light hues, exemplified in paintings such as Storm at Sea, which includes light effects previously unseen. Also notable from this period is Porcellis’ rendition of Sea Battle at Night which, as its name indicates, features a marine conflict in dim light, with enemy ships barely visible and a gradual recognition of the subjects.
By 1615, Porcellis faced financial constraints: he acquired three children, declared bankruptcy in Rotterdam and moved to Antwerp. Most of the paintings made in this period were serialized and sold in open markets; since they are not signed by Porcellis, they’re considered lost. Thus, only about ten pictures from these years can be identified. Up to 1620, only about 10 works can be surely attributed to Porcellis, most of which represent battles, storms and harbor views. Prior to leaving Antwerp, the first wife of Porcellis died.
In 1622, Porcellis moved to Haarlem with his three children, where he married Janneke Flessiers, daughter of Balthasar Flessiers (painter and print publisher). Porcellis continued the tradition of marine painting, but the setting of his pictures was never clarified and left ambiguous; this contrasted the usual style of contemporary marine painters, such as Jan Brueghel or Vroom, who traditionally portrayed Antwerp Harbour or the .
...
Wikipedia