James Michael Rosenbaum (born 1944) is an American lawyer and former United States district court judge, serving on the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.
Rosenbaum was born in Fort Snelling, Minnesota. He received his Bachelor of Arts from University of Minnesota in 1966 and his J.D. from University of Minnesota Law School in 1969.
He was an attorney for VISTA in Chicago from 1969 to 1970. He was a staff attorney of Leadership Council for Metropolitan Open Communities in Chicago from 1970 to 1972, and was in private practice of law in Minneapolis from 1973 to 1981. He was the U.S. Attorney for the District of Minnesota from 1981 to 1985.
President Ronald Reagan nominated Rosenbaum to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota on June 14, 1985, to a new seat created by 98 Stat. 333. Confirmed by the Senate on July 16, 1985, he received his commission two days later.
Rosenbaum served as chief judge from 2001 to 2008.