Jaintia kingdom
| Jaintia Kingdom | ||||||||
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| Capital | Jaintia Rajbari, Jaintiapur | |||||||
| Religion | Hinduism | |||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||
| King | ||||||||
| • | (1500–1516) | Prabhat Ray | ||||||
| • | (1832–1835) | Rajendra Singh | ||||||
| History | ||||||||
| • | Established | 1500 | ||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1835 | ||||||
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The Jaintia Kingdom was a kingdom in present-day North-East India. It was annexed by the British East India Company in 1835.
One theory says that the word "Jaintia" is derived the shrine of Jayanti Devi or Jainteswari, an incarnation of the Hindu goddess Durga. Another theory says that the name is derived via Pnar (the tribe of the rulers) from Sutnuga, a former settlement; the myth of Jayanti Devi was probably created after the Hinduisation of the Jaintia kingdom.
The Pnars (also called Jaintia) and War, speak Mon-Khmer languages that are related to Khasi.
The Jaintia Kingdom extended from the east of the Shillong Plateau of present-day Meghalaya in north-east India, into the plains to the south, and north to the Barak River valley in Assam, India.
The capital, Jaintiapur, now ruined, was located on the plains at the foot of the Jaintia Hills; it appears there may have been a summer capital at Nartiang in the Jaintia Hills, but little remains of it now apart from a Durga temple and a nearby site with many megalithic structures.
Much of what is today the Sylhet region of Bangladesh was at one time under the jurisdiction of the Jaintia king.
The origin of the Jaintia kingdom is unknown, but the Jaintia people share a megalithic culture with the related Khasi people on the Shillong plateau which is of uncertain age, but their common oral history claims that they settled the region in the distant past. After the 17th century invasion by the Kachari king Satrudaman, the Jaintia kingdom came under increasing Kachari and Ahom political influence.
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