Jacob Bjerknes
| Jacob Bjerknes | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born |
2 November 1897 Stockholm, Sweden |
| Died | 7 July 1975 (aged 77) Los Angeles |
| Citizenship | Norwegian / American |
| Nationality | Norwegian / American |
| Fields | meteorologist |
| Institutions | University of California, Los Angeles |
| Known for | The Development of Modern Weather Forecasting, Bergen School of Meteorology El Nino |
| Influences | Vilhelm Bjerknes |
Jacob Aall Bonnevie Bjerknes (/ˈjɑːkəb ˈbjɜːrknᵻs/ in English; November 2, 1897 – July 7, 1975) was a Norwegian born, American meteorologist.
Jacob Aall Bonnevie Bjerknes was born in . His father was the Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes, one of the pioneers of modern weather forecasting. His paternal grandfather was noted Norwegian mathematician and physicist, Carl Anton Bjerknes. His maternal grandfather was Norwegian politician, Jacob Aall Bonnevie after whom he was named.
Bjerknes was part of a group of meteorologists led by his father, Vilhelm Bjerknes, at the University of Leipzig. Together they developed the model that explains the generation, intensification and ultimate decay (the life cycle) of mid-latitude cyclones, introducing the idea of fronts, that is, sharply defined boundaries between air masses. This concept is known as the Norwegian cyclone model.
Bjerknes returned to Norway in 1917, where his father founded the Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen in Bergen. They organized an analysis and forecasting branch which would evolve into a weather bureau by 1919. The scientific team at Bergen also included the Swedish meteorologists Carl-Gustaf Rossby and Tor Bergeron. As pointed out in a key paper by Jacob Bjerknes and Halvor Solberg (1895-1974) in 1922, the dynamics of the polar front, integrated with the cyclone model, provided the major mechanism for north-south heat transport in the atmosphere. For this and other research, Jacob Bjerknes was awarded the Ph.D. from the University of Oslo in 1924.
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