Isuprel

Isoprenaline
INN: Isoprenaline

Clinical data
Trade names	Many
MedlinePlus	a601236
Pregnancy category	C
Routes of administration	Inhalation (80–120 μg)
ATC code	C01CA02 (WHO) R03AB02 (WHO) R03CB01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	~2 minutes
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-4-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
Synonyms	isoproterenol (USAN)
CAS Number	7683-59-2 Y
PubChem CID	3779
IUPHAR/BPS	536
DrugBank	DB01064 Y
ChemSpider	3647 Y
UNII	L628TT009W
KEGG	D08090 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL434 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.807
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H17NO3
Molar mass	211.258 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Oc1ccc(cc1O)C(O)CNC(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C11H17NO3/c1-7(2)12-6-11(15)8-3-4-9(13)10(14)5-8/h3-5,7,11-15H,6H2,1-2H3 Y Key:JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Isoprenaline (isoproterenol) is a medication used for the treatment of bradycardia (slow heart rate), heart block, and rarely for asthma. In humans, it is a non-selective β adrenoreceptor agonist that is the isopropylamine analog of epinephrine (adrenaline).

It is used to treat heart block and episodes of Adams-Stokes syndrome that are not caused by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, in emergencies for cardiac arrest until electric shock can be administered, for bronchospasm occurring during anesthesia, and as an adjunct in the treatment of hypovolemic shock, septic shock, low cardiac output (hypoperfusion) states, congestive heart failure, and cardiogenic shock.

Historically, it was used to treat asthma via metered aerosol or nebulizing devices; it was also available in sublingual, oral, intravenous, and intramuscular formulations. The U.S. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Expert Panel recommends against its use as a nebulizer for acute bronchoconstriction; the use of any beta2-agonists including isoprenaline is not recommended in an asthmatic respiration crisis.

It should not be used in people with tachyarrhythmias, tachycardia or heart block caused by digitalis poisoning, ventricular arrhythmias which require inotropic therapy, or with angina.

Adverse effects of isoprenaline include nervousness, headache, dizziness, nausea, visual blurring, tachycardia, palpitations, angina, Adams-Stokes attacks, pulmonary edema, hypertension, hypotension, ventricular arrhythmias, tachyarrhythmias, difficulty breathing, sweating, mild tremors, weakness, flushing, and pallor.

Isoprenaline is a β₁ and β₂ adrenoreceptor agonist and has almost no activity against alpha adrenergic receptors. Its agonist effects at TAAR1 provide it with a pharmacodynamic effects that resemble those of the endogenous trace amines, like tyramine.