Israel participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with the song "Golden Boy", written by Doron Madali. The song was performed by Nadav Guedj. Israeli broadcaster Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) collaborated with the commercial broadcaster Keshet in order to select the Israeli entry for the 2015 contest in Vienna, Austria. The reality singing competition HaKokhav HaBa ("The Next Star"), which was organised by Keshet, was used to select the artist that would represent Israel. Nadav Guedj emerged as the winner of the competition in a final that took place in February 2015. The song "Golden Boy" was later internally selected as the song Guedj would perform at Eurovision and was presented to the public in March 2015.

In the second of the Eurovision semi-finals, "Golden Boy" placed third out of the 17 participating countries, securing its place among the 27 other songs in the final. The last time Israel had featured in a final was in 2010. In Israel's thirty-eighth Eurovision appearance on 23 May, "Golden Boy" finished in ninth place, receiving 97 points.

Prior to the 2015 Contest, Israel had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest thirty-seven times since its first entry in 1973. Israel has won the contest on three occasions: in 1978 with the song "A-Ba-Ni-Bi" performed by Izhar Cohen and the Alphabeta, in 1979 with the song "Hallelujah" performed by Milk and Honey and in 1998 with the song "Diva" performed by Dana International. Since the introduction of semi-finals to the format of the Eurovision Song Contest in 2004, Israel has, to this point, managed to qualify to the final five times, including two top ten results in 2005 with Shiri Maimon and "Hasheket Shenish'ar" placing fourth and in 2008 with Boaz and "The Fire In Your Eyes" placing ninth. Between 2011 and 2014, Israel has failed to qualify to the final consecutively, which included their 2014 entry "Same Heart" performed by Mei Finegold.

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