Isoprenaline

Isoprenaline

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
MedlinePlus	a601236
Pregnancy category	C
Routes of administration	Inhalation (80–120 μg)
ATC code	C01CA02 (WHO) R03AB02 (WHO) R03CB01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	~2 minutes
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-4-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
CAS Number	7683-59-2 Y
PubChem CID	3779
IUPHAR/BPS	536
DrugBank	DB01064 Y
ChemSpider	3647 Y
UNII	L628TT009W
KEGG	D08090 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL434 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.807
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H17NO3
Molar mass	211.258 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Oc1ccc(cc1O)C(O)CNC(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C11H17NO3/c1-7(2)12-6-11(15)8-3-4-9(13)10(14)5-8/h3-5,7,11-15H,6H2,1-2H3 Y Key:JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Isoprenaline (INN) or isoproterenol (USAN) (trade names Medihaler-Iso and Isuprel) is a medication used for the treatment of bradycardia (slow heart rate), heart block, and rarely for asthma. In humans, it is a non-selective β adrenoreceptor agonist and TAAR1 agonist that is the isopropylaminomethyl analog of epinephrine (adrenaline).

Its primary use is for bradycardia or heart block. By activating β₁ adrenergic receptor in the heart, it induces positive chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic effects.

It can be used as an inhaled aerosol to treat asthma, although this is currently a rare treatment. Although it activates all beta adrenergic receptors, it works in a similar fashion to selective β₂ adrenergic agonists, e.g. salbutamol, by relaxing the airways to increase airflow.

Used with caution, it can also be used to treat torsades de pointes by acquired defect, in conjunction with overdrive pacing and magnesium sulfate.

Isoprenaline is a β₁ and β₂ adrenoreceptor agonist which was commonly used to treat asthma before the more widespread use of salbutamol, which has more selective effects on the airways. Its agonist effects at TAAR1 provide it with a pharmacodynamic effects that resemble those of the endogenous trace amines, like tyramine, although its short half-life prevents it from producing persistent psychoactive effects from TAAR1 activation in the central nervous system. Its route of administration is either intravenous, oral, intranasal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular, depending on use. The plasma half-life for isoprenaline is approximately two minutes.