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Isoprenaline

Isoprenaline
Isoprenaline.svg
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
MedlinePlus a601236
Pregnancy
category
  • C
Routes of
administration
Inhalation (80–120 μg)
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life ~2 minutes
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.807
Chemical and physical data
Formula C11H17NO3
Molar mass 211.258 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)
  

Isoprenaline (INN) or isoproterenol (USAN) (trade names Medihaler-Iso and Isuprel) is a medication used for the treatment of bradycardia (slow heart rate), heart block, and rarely for asthma. In humans, it is a non-selective β adrenoreceptor agonist and TAAR1 agonist that is the isopropylaminomethyl analog of epinephrine (adrenaline).

Its primary use is for bradycardia or heart block. By activating β1 adrenergic receptor in the heart, it induces positive chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic effects.

It can be used as an inhaled aerosol to treat asthma, although this is currently a rare treatment. Although it activates all beta adrenergic receptors, it works in a similar fashion to selective β2 adrenergic agonists, e.g. salbutamol, by relaxing the airways to increase airflow.

Used with caution, it can also be used to treat torsades de pointes by acquired defect, in conjunction with overdrive pacing and magnesium sulfate.

Isoprenaline is a β1 and β2 adrenoreceptor agonist which was commonly used to treat asthma before the more widespread use of salbutamol, which has more selective effects on the airways. Its agonist effects at TAAR1 provide it with a pharmacodynamic effects that resemble those of the endogenous trace amines, like tyramine, although its short half-life prevents it from producing persistent psychoactive effects from TAAR1 activation in the central nervous system. Its route of administration is either intravenous, oral, intranasal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular, depending on use. The plasma half-life for isoprenaline is approximately two minutes.


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