Islam Abduganievich Karimov
| Islam Karimov Islom Karimov Ислам Каримов |
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|---|---|
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| 1st President of Uzbekistan | |
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In office 1 September 1991 – 2 September 2016 |
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| Prime Minister | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Nigmatilla Yuldashev (Acting) |
| President of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic | |
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In office 24 March 1990 – 1 September 1991 |
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| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| First Secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan | |
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In office 23 June 1989 – 1 September 1991 |
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| Preceded by | Rafiq Nishonov |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Islom Abdugʻaniyevich Karimov 30 January 1938 Samarkand, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (now Samarkand, Uzbekistan) |
| Died | 2 September 2016 (aged 78) Tashkent, Uzbekistan |
| Cause of death | Stroke |
| Resting place | Samarkand, Uzbekistan |
| Political party |
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| Spouse(s) | Natalya Petrovna Kuchmi (1964–196?, divorced) Tatyana Karimova (1967–2016, his death) |
| Children | |
Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov (Uzbek: Islom Abdugʻaniyevich Karimov, Russian: Ислам Абдуганиевич Каримов; 30 January 1938 – 2 September 2016) was the leader of Uzbekistan and its predecessor state, the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, from 1989 until his death in 2016. He was the last First Secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan from 1989 to 1991, when the party was reconstituted as the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (PDP); he led the PDP until 1996. He was the President of the Uzbek SSR from 24 March 1990 until he declared the independence of Uzbekistan on 1 September 1991.
He declared Uzbekistan an independent nation on 31 August 1991 and subsequently won its first presidential election on 29 December 1991, with 86% of the vote. International groups and opposition party cited voting irregularities, with state-run propaganda and a falsified vote count, although the opposing candidate and leader of the Erk Liberty Party, Muhammad Salih, had a chance to participate. Karimov permitted the participation of the opposition organizations Birlik ("Unity") and the Islamic Renaissance Party until he moved to consolidate his power over Shukrullo Mirsaidov, one of the former Communist Party elite who had originally supported Karimov's rise to the Party presidency. The period of political thaw was brief; Karimov began to complicate the registration process of opposition parties during elections. As Birlik grew in strength as a "popular movement", it was denied the ability to register as a "political party" without the required 60,000 signatures. The Karimov government allowed Birlik one day to gather these signatures, 25,000 of which they rejected. Karimov effectively took authoritarian measures to block any meaningful opposition. Since approximately February 2014, Karimov kept his elder daughter, Gulnara, imprisoned. She and her daughter live under armed guard and surveillance cameras. He extended his first presidential term to 2000 by way of a referendum, and was reelected in 2000, 2007 and 2015, each time receiving over 90 percent of the vote according to official results.
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