Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
| Isaac Le Chapelier | |
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Le Chapelier
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Member of the National Assembly for Ille-et-Vilaine |
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In office 9 July 1789 – 30 September 1791 |
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| Constituency | Rennes |
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Deputy to the Estates General for Third Estate |
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In office 5 May 1789 – 9 July 1789 |
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| Constituency | Rennes |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Isaac René Guy le Chapelier 12 June 1754 Rennes, Brittany, France |
| Died | 22 April 1794 (aged 39) Paris, Seine, France |
| Political party |
Jacobin (1789–1791) Feuillant (1791–1792) |
| Spouse(s) | Marie-Esther de la Marre |
| Alma mater | University of Rennes |
| Profession | Lawyer |
Isaac René Guy Le Chapelier (12 June 1754 – 22 April 1794) was a French jurist and politician of the Revolutionary period.
He was born at Rennes in Brittany, where his father was bâtonnier of the corporation of lawyers, a title equivalent to President of the Bar. He entered the law profession, and was a noted orator.
In 1789 he was elected as a deputy to the Estates General by the Third Estate of the sénéchaussée of Rennes. He adopted radical opinions, His influence in the National Constituent Assembly was considerable: he served as president 3–17 August 1789 (presiding over the remarkable all-night session of 4–5 August, during which feudalism was abolished in France), and in late September 1789 he was added to the Constitutional Committee, where he drafted much of the Constitution of 1791.
Le Chapelier introduced a motion in the National Assembly which prohibited guilds, trade unions, and compagnonnage (and abolished the right to strike). Le Chapelier and other Jacobins interpreted demands by Paris workers for higher wages as contrary to the new principles of the Revolution. The measure was enacted law on 14 June 1791 (subsequently known as the Le Chapelier Law) and effectively barred guilds and trade unions in France until 1864.
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