Irish Government

The Government of Ireland (Irish: Rialtas na hÉireann) is the cabinet that exercises executive authority in the Republic of Ireland.

The structure of the Government of Ireland is regulated fundamentally by the Constitution of Ireland. The Government is headed by a prime minister called the Taoiseach. The deputy prime minister is called the Tánaiste, and is nominated by the Taoiseach from among the members of the Government.

The Government must consist of between seven and fifteen members, according to the Constitution of Ireland. Every member of the Government must be a member of the parliament of Ireland, called the Oireachtas. No more than two members of the Government may be members of Seanad Éireann, the upper house of the Oireachtas. Therefore, all other members of the Government must be members of Dáil Éireann, the lower house. The Taoiseach, Tánaiste and Minister for Finance must be members of the Dáil. The 7 to 15 Members of Government are generally referred to as "The Cabinet".

The Taoiseach is nominated by Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas, and appointed by the President. Other members of the Government are nominated by the Taoiseach, approved by Dáil Éireann, and appointed by the President. Members of the government are often styled "cabinet ministers", as opposed to Ministers of State (before 1977 Parliamentary Secretaries), called "junior ministers", who are not in the cabinet. A minister is usually in charge of a Department of State and thus technically a "Minister of the Government" (before 1977 a "Minister of State"). Occasionally a minister without portfolio is appointed who is a minister and a member of the Government but not a "Minister of the Government".

...
Wikipedia