Iris uniflora
| Iris uniflora | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Subfamily: | Iridoideae |
| Tribe: | Irideae |
| Genus: | Iris |
| Subgenus: | Limniris |
| Series: | Ruthenicae |
| Species: | Iris uniflora |
| Binomial name | |
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Iris uniflora Pall. ex Link |
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| Synonyms | |
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Iris uniflora is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Limniris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Russia, Mongolia, China and Korea. It has thin grass-like leaves and stems, and purple, blue-purple or violet flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
Iris uniflora differs from Iris ruthenica by having thick resilient bracts (leaf on flower stem- where a flower emerges) that remain green (or yellow-green) until the seeds mature. On Iris ruthenica, the bracts usually dry out and die, after flowering.
It has a thin creeping rhizome that is brown and branched. The rhizome is covered with the remains of last years leaves. It also has fibrous roots.
It has slender flowering stems that grow up to 15cm long. They are occasionally branched.
It has thin grass-like leaves (linear and lanceolate). The 2-3 leaves are green and grow up from the base of the plant, measuring 10-40cm long, 5-10mm wide. The leaves later grow longer than the flowers stems after the blooming period.
It blooms between May and June. It normally has one flower but occasionally has two flowers, which have a violet-like fragrance. It has perianth tube (that measures about) 1.5 cm.
The flowers come in shades of purple, from blue-purple to violet. They are 4-4.5 cm in diameter. They have a white viened or striped signal (base of the fall of the flower).
It has 1.5cm long stamens and 5mm long ovary.
Between July and August, it fruits (after the blooming period is over).
It has oval/globose seed capsules (measuring 8-10 mm in diameter). Which differ from other irises by being un-ribbed. Inside the capsule, are round, black seeds, that have a small (fleshy-like) appendage.
As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes. This can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It has been examined several times to find its chromosome count: 2n=48, Scolovskaya; 2n=42, Doronkin 1984; 2n=16, Sok & Prob. 1986; 2n=42, Zakharjeva, 1990.
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