Ioflupane (¹²³I)

Ioflupane (¹²³I)

Clinical data
Synonyms	Ioflupane (FPCIT); [I-123] N-ω-fluoropropyl- 2β-carbomethoxy- 3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane
License data	EU EMA: by INN
Pregnancy category	Contraindicated
Routes of administration	Intravenous
ATC code	V09AB03 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	US: Rx-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	N/A
Excretion	Renal and fecal
Identifiers
IUPAC name methyl (1R,2S,3S,5S)- 3-(4-iodophenyl)- 8-(3-fluoropropyl)- 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane- 2-carboxylate
CAS Number	155798-07-5 N
PubChem CID	3086674 16057837
IUPHAR/BPS	7653
ChemSpider	2343241
UNII	3MM99T8R5Q
KEGG	D10014 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:68855 N
ChEMBL	CHEMBL2096623 N
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C18H23FINO2
Molar mass	427.285 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES COC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H]2CCC(N2CCCF)C[C@@H]1C3=CC=C(C=C3)[123I]
InChI InChI=1S/C18H23FINO2/c1-23-18(22)17-15(12-3-5-13(20)6-4-12)11-14-7-8-16(17)21(14)10-2-9-19/h3-6,14-17H,2,7-11H2,1H3/t14-,15+,16+,17-/m0/s1/i20-4 Key:HXWLAJVUJSVENX-HFIFKADTSA-N
NY (what is this?)

Ioflupane (¹²³I) is the International Nonproprietary Name of a phenyltropane compound which is a neuro-imaging radiopharmaceutical drug, used by nuclear medicine physicians for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease over other disorders presenting similar symptoms. It is injected into a patient and viewed with a gamma camera in order to acquire SPECT images of the brain with particular respect to the striatum, a subcortical region of the basal ganglia. The drug is sold under the tradename DaTSCAN and is manufactured by GE Healthcare, formerly Amersham plc. It is not marketed outside of Europe and the United States.

DaTSCAN is a solution of ioflupane (¹²³I) for injection into a living test subject.

The iodine introduced during manufacture is a radioactive isotope, I-123, and it is the properties of this isotope that makes the solution visible to a gamma camera. I-123 has a half life of approximately 13 hours and a gamma photon energy of 159 keV making it an appropriate radionuclide for medical imaging. The solution also contains 5% ethanol to aid solubility and is supplied sterile since it is intended for intravenous use.

Ioflupane has a high binding affinity for presynaptic dopamine transporters (DAT) in the brains of mammals, in particular the striatal region of the brain. A feature of Parkinson's disease is a marked reduction in dopaminergic neurons in the striatal region. By introducing an agent that binds to the dopamine transporters a quantitative measure and spatial distribution of the transporters can be obtained.