Intef III
| Intef III | |
|---|---|
| Inyotef III, Antef III | |
Intef III on the Silsileh petroglyph.
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| Pharaoh | |
| Reign | 8 years, 2069–2061 BC, 2063–2055 BC, 2016–2009 BC(11th dynasty) |
| Predecessor | Intef II |
| Successor | Mentuhotep II |
| Consort | Iah, Henite |
| Children | Mentuhotep II,Neferu II |
| Father | Intef II |
| Mother | Neferu-Khayet |
| Burial | Saff tomb in El-Tarif known as Saff el-Baqar. |
Intef III was the third pharaoh of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt during the late First Intermediate Period in the 21st century BC, at a time when Egypt was divided in two kingdoms. The son of his predecessor Intef II and father of his successor Mentuhotep II, Intef III reigned for 8 years over Upper Egypt and extended his domain North against the 10th Dynasty state, perhaps as far north as the 17th nome. He undertook some building activity on Elephantine. Intef III is buried in a large saff tomb at El-Tarif known as Saff el-Barqa.
Intef III was the son of his predecessor Intef II. This is indicated by the stela of Tjeti, chief treasurer during the reigns of Intef II and Intef III. Tjeti's stele mentions the death of Intef II and goes on describing how Tjeti served Intef II's son who acceded to the throne upon the death of his father:
Intef III possibly married his sister Iah, described as a king's mother (Mwt-nswt), king's daughter (S3t-nswt) and priestess of Hathor (Hmt-nTr-hwt-Hr). This indicates that Intef III's successor, Mentuhotep II, was his son. This is further confirmed by the stele of Henenu (Cairo 36346), an official who served under Intef II, Intef III and his "son", which the stele identifies as Horus Sankhibtawy (S-ankh-[ib-t3wy]), Mentuhotep II's first Horus name. Another piece of evidence for this parentage is a relief on the Gebel el-Silsileh in the Wadi Shatt er-Rigal, known as the Silsileh petroglyph, depicting Mentuhotep II surrounded by Iah and Intef III.
Additionally, Mentuhotep II's royal wife Neferu II bore the title of king's daughter, and an inscription in her tomb names her mother as Iah. This establishes that she was Intef III's daughter and the sister of Mentuhotep II.
Intef III's father and predecessor reigned for 49 years and Intef III might thus have acceded to the throne a middle-aged or even elderly man. Although Intef III's name is lost in a lacuna of the Turin canon, a king list compiled in the early Ramesside period, its reign length is still readable on column 5, row 15, and given as 8 years.
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