Ingimundr (tenth century)

Ingimundr, also known as Hingamund,Igmunt,Ingimund, was a tenth-century Viking warlord. In 902, Irish sources record that the Vikings were driven from Dublin. It is almost certainly in the context of this exodus that Ingimundr appears on record. He is recorded to have led the abortive settlement of Norsemen on Anglesey, before being driven out from there as well. He appears to have then led his folk to the Wirral peninsula, where the English allowed him to settle his followers. Ingimundr's invasion of Anglesey may be the most notable Viking attack in Welsh history.

The Viking Kingdom of Dublin was established in the mid ninth century. This maritime realm weakened from infighting in the later part of the century; and following a devastating defeat to a united force from the kingdoms of Brega and Leinster, the Vikings were finally driven from Dublin in 902. Specifically, according to the Annals of Ulster, and Chronicon Scotorum, the Vikings of Dublin were driven from Ireland by the Irish in 902. The pseudo-historical Fragmentary Annals of Ireland relates a colourful tale concerning Ingimundr that clearly relates to this expulsion. According to this source, Ingimundr led an exodus of Vikings from Ireland to Anglesey, before they were driven from the island, after which they were settled by the English near Chester.

The Annales Cambriae and Brut y Tywysogyon appear to corroborate the thrust of the aforesaid account of Ingimundr in Wales. According to the former, Ingimundr came to Anglesey and held "Maes Osmeliaun", whilst the Welsh vernacular chronicle reports that Ingimundr held "Maes Ros Meilon". The site itself appears to have been located on the eastern edge of Anglesey, perhaps near Llanfaes if the aforesaid place names are any clue. Another possibility is that Ingimundr was settled near Llanbedrgoch, where evidence of farming, manufacturing, and trading has been excavated. There is reason to suspect that this site formed an aristocratic power centre, and that it may have originated as an informal Viking trading centre just prior to Ingimundr's attempted colonisation. The centre itself could have provided an important staging post between the Welsh and other trading centres in the Irish Sea region.

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