Immigration to South Korea
| Kosian | |
| Hangul | 코시안 or 온누리안 |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Kosian or Onnurian |
| McCune–Reischauer | K'osian or Onnurian |
Immigration to South Korea is rising quickly due to a recent multicultural policy, with over 220,000 accepted in 2014. This was a 14.1% increase over the previous year - Between 2009 and 2014, the number of immigrants have been rising 9.3% annually. As of August 2016, there are over 2 million foreign immigrants accounting for 4% of the total population.
From 2018, the South Korean government will actively pursue massive immigration to counter the declining working population from 2017. Nearly 5 million immigrants are needed by 2020, 10 million by 2030 and over 17 million by 2060, at which point immigrants will represent over 44% of the total working population.
Nationalities of legal foreign immigrants in South Korea as of August 2016.
Immigration policy is overseen by the Ministry of Justice through the Korea Immigration Service. Related ministries include: Ministry of Labor, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
The Nationality Act, Immigration Control Act, Multicultural Families Support the Act, and Framework Act on Treatment of Foreigners are the foundation of immigration policy in Korea.
The government of Korea initiated a discussion whether to establish independent Immigration Office to accommodate fast-growing immigration and to prepare inclusive and rational immigration policies, from 2003, without progress. The Foreigner Policy Committee headed by the Prime Minister is responsible for coordinating policies concerning foreigners, which had formerly been handled by multiple ministries. However, its role is limited due to a shortage of resources and manpower. Establishing an Immigration Office is expected to solve these problems by concentrating all the related resources and manpower under one umbrella.
According to the UN Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration (revised in 1998), long-term international immigration is recorded after an individual enters a country and establishes his usual place of residence there for more than a year. So, When Korea government build new policies, immigrant laborers and children of illegal migrants should be counted to follow this guideline.
The Republic of Korea is a signatory to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. The Korean government is the competent authority to determine refugee status in Korea.
Korea used to be a migrant-source country, sending farmers, miners, nurses, and workers to the United States, Germany, and the Middle East. The Korean diaspora numbers 6.82 million as of 2009, including 2.34 million in China and 2.1 million in the United States, a slight decline of 220,000 since 2007.
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