Hyakutake
Comet Hyakutake captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on 4 April 1996, with an infrared filter
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|
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Yuji Hyakutake |
| Discovery date | 31 January 1996 |
| Designations | |
| Great Comet of 1996 | |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch 2450400.5 | |
| Aphelion | 3410 AU |
| Perihelion | 0.2301987 AU |
| 1700 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.9998946 |
| ~70,000 yr | |
| Inclination | 124.92246° |
| 188.05766° | |
| 130.17218° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 4.2 km (2.6 mi) |
|
Sidereal rotation period
|
6 hours |
Comet Hyakutake (Japanese pronunciation: [çʲakɯ̥take], formally designated C/1996 B2) is a comet, discovered on 31 January 1996, that passed very close to Earth in March of that year. It was dubbed The Great Comet of 1996; its passage near the Earth was one of the closest cometary approaches of the previous 200 years. Hyakutake appeared very bright in the night sky and was widely seen around the world. The comet temporarily upstaged the much anticipated Comet Hale–Bopp, which was approaching the inner Solar System at the time.
Scientific observations of the comet led to several discoveries. Most surprising to cometary scientists was the first discovery of X-ray emission from a comet, believed to have been caused by ionised solar wind particles interacting with neutral atoms in the coma of the comet. The Ulysses spacecraft unexpectedly crossed the comet's tail at a distance of more than 500 million kilometres (3.3 AU or 3×108 mi) from the nucleus, showing that Hyakutake had the longest tail known for a comet.
Hyakutake is a long-period comet. Before its most recent passage through the Solar System, its orbital period was about 17,000 years, but the gravitational perturbation of the giant planets has increased this period to 70,000 years.
The comet was discovered on 31 January 1996, by Yuji Hyakutake, an amateur astronomer from southern Japan. He had been searching for comets for years and had moved to Kagoshima Prefecture partly for the dark skies in nearby rural areas. He was using a powerful set of binoculars with 150 mm (6 in) objective lenses to scan the skies on the night of the discovery.
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