Hugo Gutmann
| Hugo Gutmann | |
|---|---|
Gutmann, c. 1918
|
|
| Born |
19 November 1880 Nuremberg, German Empire (now Germany) |
| Died | 22 June 1962 (aged 81) San Diego, California, United States |
| Allegiance |
 German Empire
|
| Service/branch | Artillery Branch, Bavarian Army |
| Years of service | 1902-1919 |
| Rank | Leutnant |
| Unit | Regiment "List" |
| Commands held | 16th Bavarian Reserve Regiment |
| Awards |
Iron Cross (First and Second Class) |
Hugo Gutmann later known as Henry G. Grant (19 November 1880 – 22 June 1962) was a German-Jewish soldier notable for being one of Adolf Hitler's superior officers in World War I, during which he recommended Hitler for the award of the Iron Cross.
Gutmann was born on 19 November 1880 in Nuremberg. In 1902, Gutmann joined the Bavarian Army and had risen to the rank of highest ranking NCO (Feldwebel) by 1904, when he was transferred to the reserves. When World War I began in 1914, Gutmann was recalled and soon after he joined a unit known (after its first commander) as the "List" Regiment. On 15 April 1915, he was promoted to Lieutenant (Leutnant), and appointed as a company commander and acting adjutant for the Regiment's artillery battalion.
Throughout most of 1918, from 29 January to 31 August, Lt. Gutmann served as Adolf Hitler's direct superior. Gutmann later recommended Hitler's award of the Iron Cross First Class (a decoration rarely awarded to one of Hitler's Gefreiter rank). The decoration was presented to Hitler on 4 August 1918, near Soissons, by the regimental commander, Major von Tubeuf. Hitler wore this medal throughout the remainder of his career, including while serving as Führer of Nazi Germany.
Gutmann himself was an Iron Cross recipient, having been awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class on 2 December 1914 (incidentally the same day as Hitler), as well as the Iron Cross 1st Class on 4 December 1915.
On 8 February 8, 1919, Gutmann was demobilized from the German Army but still maintained on the army rolls as a reserve lieutenant. He married later that year and went on to father two children. During the 1920s, Gutmann owned and operated an office-furniture shop in Vordere Steingasse 3 in Nuremberg.
In the autumn of 1933, Gutmann applied for a veteran's war pension, which was granted (President Hindenburg had passed several decrees protecting Jewish war veterans from the rising tide of antisemitism). In 1935, after the passing of the Nuremberg Laws, Gutmann lost his German citizenship and was formally discharged from the veteran rolls of the army, but still continued to receive a pension, possibly due to Hitler's influence.
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