Horsa glider
| AS.51 and AS.58 Horsa | |
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| An Airspeed Horsa under tow | |
| Role | Troop and cargo military glider |
| National origin | United Kingdom |
| Manufacturer | Airspeed Ltd |
| First flight | 12 September 1941 |
| Introduction | 1941 |
| Primary users |
Army Air Corps United States Army Air Forces, Royal Canadian Air Force, Indian Air Force |
| Number built | over 3,600 |
 British Pathe period footage of Horsa gliders in action
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A pilot's account of flying the Horsa
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News report on the 60th anniversary of Operation Deadstick
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The Airspeed AS.51 Horsa was a British troop-carrying glider used during the Second World War. It was developed and manufactured by Airspeed Limited, alongside various subcontractors; the type was named after Horsa, the legendary 5th-century conqueror of southern Britain.
Having been greatly impressed by the effective use of airborne operations by Nazi Germany during the early stages of the Second World War, such as during the Battle of France, the Allied powers sought to establish capable counterpart forces of their own. The British War Office, determining that the role of gliders would be an essential component of such airborne forces, proceeded to examine available options. An evaluation of the General Aircraft Hotspur found it to lack to the necessary size, thus Specification X.26/40 was issued. It was from this specification that Airspeed Limited designed the Horsa, a large glider capable of accommodating up to 30 fully equipped paratroopers, which was designated as the AS 51.
The Horsa was inducted in large numbers by the British Army Air Corps and the Royal Air Force (RAF); both services used it to conduct various air assault operations through the conflict. The type was used to perform an unsuccessful attack on the German Heavy Water Plant at Rjukan in Norway, known as Operation Freshman, and during the invasion of Sicily, known as Operation Husky. Large numbers of Horsa were subsequently used during the opening stages of the Battle of Normandy, being used in the British Operation Tonga and American operations. It was also deployed in quantity during Operation Dragoon, Operation Market Garden, and Operation Varsity. Further use of the Horsa was made by various other armed forces, including the United States Army Air Forces.
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