Holy Trinity Church (Berlin)
| Trinity Church Dreifaltigkeitskirche (de) |
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Trinity Church around 1930, seen from south (southern Mauerstraße)
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| Basic information | |
| Location | Friedrichstadt quarter within Mitte borough of Berlin |
| Geographic coordinates | 52°30′42″N 13°23′11″E / 52.511606°N 13.386379°ECoordinates: 52°30′42″N 13°23′11″E / 52.511606°N 13.386379°E |
| Affiliation | United Protestant since the 1820s, originally Reformed (Calvinist). |
| Province | last: Evangelical Church of the old-Prussian Union |
| Country | Germany |
| Architectural description | |
| Architect(s) | Titus de Favre (1737–1739), Christian August Naumann (1737–1739) |
| Architectural type | round church |
| Architectural style | Baroque |
| Completed | 1739 |
| Specifications | |
| Direction of façade | North |
| Dome height (outer) | 57 m |
| Dome dia. (inner) | 22 m |
Trinity Church (Dreifaltigkeitskirche) was a Baroque Protestant church in Berlin, eastern Germany, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. It was opened in August 1739 and destroyed in November 1943, with its rubble removed in 1947.
It was located in the Friedrichstadt district (now part of the Mitte borough), at the intersection of Mauerstraße, Kanonierstraße (now known as Glinkastraße) and Mohrenstraße at the postcode 10117 Berlin. Three domestic houses used as a vicarages were built on Glinkastraße/Taubenstraße and the two which survived World War II are still part of the parish today (Glinkastraße 16 and Taubenstraße 3.). A similar church, the 1737 Böhmische Bethlehems-Kirche was also nearby (Bethlehemskirchplatz).
The expansion of Berlin by Frederick William I of Prussia led to a need for new church buildings. The first stone for Trinity Church was laid in August 1737 and Titus Favre made head of works. It was designed by Christian August Naumann as a circular building with four short projections, suggesting a cross shape.
It also had a 22m diameter dome over the centre of the cross, consisting of a tiled wooden structure with an octagonal lantern that served as bell tower and internal decoration representing the Four Evangelists. The nave was initially surrounded by three galleries, with the pulpit altar, organ and a second altar on the east side. The church was inaugurated on 30 August 1739 and for around a hundred years after that was the newest Protestant church building in Berlin. Its first pastor, the teacher and theologian Julius Hecker, was appointed by Frederick William himself.
During Napoleon I's occupation of Berlin the church was temporarily used as a barracks, whilst the theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher preached there from 1809 to 1834 and also confirmed the future chancellor Otto von Bismarck in the church in 1831.
Schleiermacher, who had made the case for a union of the Lutheran and Calvinist congregations in Prussia, persuaded the congregation not only to join the united umbrella Evangelical Church in Prussia (est. in 1817) but to also adopt the union confession for the congregation itself, which was not required but introduced by a handful of congregations in Berlin.
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