Hmu language
| Hmu | |
|---|---|
| Qiandong Miao | |
| Black Miao | |
| Pronunciation | [m̥ʰū] |
| Native to | China |
| Region | mostly Guizhou |
| Ethnicity | mostly Miao, some Yao |
|
Native speakers
|
2.1 million (1995) |
|
Hmong–Mien
|
|
|
Standard forms
|
Standard Miao
|
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously: hea – Northern hmq – Eastern hms – Southern neo – Ná-Meo |
| Glottolog | east2369 |
The Hmu language (hveb Hmub), also known as Qiandong Miao (黔东 Eastern Guizhou Miao), Central Miao, East Hmongic, or (somewhat ambiguously) Black Miao, is a dialect cluster of Hmongic languages of China. The best studied dialect is that of Yǎnghāo (养蒿) village, Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, China.
Qanu 咯努, a Hmu variety, had 11,450 speakers as of 2000, and is spoken just south of Kaili City, Guizhou. The Qanu are ethnoculturally distinct from the other Hmu.
Autonyms include m̥hu˧ in Kaili, mo˧ in Jinping County, mu˩˧ in Tianzhu County, m̥ə˧ in Huangping County, qa˧ nəu˩˧ in some parts of Qiandongnan (Miaoyu Jianzhi 苗语简志 1985), and ta˩ mu˩ in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi.Ná-Meo, spoken by the Mieu people of Cao Minh Commune, Tràng Định District, Lạng Sơn Province, Vietnam, may be closely related.
Wang Fushi (1985) groups the Qiandong Miao languages as follows.
Wu Zhengbiao (2009) divides Hmu into 7 different dialects. Past classifications usually included only 3 or 4 dialects. For example, Li Jinping & Li Tianyi (2012), based on past classifications, divide Hmu into the 3 dialects of Northern, Southern, and Eastern. Datapoint locations of representative dialects are from Li Yunbing (2000).
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