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Hitler

Adolf Hitler
Hitler portrait crop.jpg
1938 portrait
Führer of Germany
In office
2 August 1934 – 30 April 1945
Deputy Rudolf Hess
(1933–41)
Preceded by Paul von Hindenburg
(as President)
Succeeded by Karl Dönitz
(as President)
Chancellor of Germany
In office
30 January 1933 – 30 April 1945
President Paul von Hindenburg
(until 1934)
Deputy Franz von Papen
(1933–34)
Preceded by Kurt von Schleicher
Succeeded by Joseph Goebbels
Führer of the National Socialist
German Workers' Party
In office
29 June 1921 – 30 April 1945
Deputy Rudolf Hess
Preceded by Anton Drexler
(as Chairman)
Succeeded by Martin Bormann
(as Party Minister)
Personal details
Born (1889-04-20)20 April 1889
Braunau am Inn,
Austria-Hungary
Died 30 April 1945(1945-04-30) (aged 56)
Berlin, Nazi Germany
Cause of death Gunshot wound (suicide)
Citizenship
  • Austrian citizen until 7 April 1925
  • German citizen after 25 February 1932
Political party National Socialist German Workers' Party (1921–45)
Other political
affiliations
German Workers' Party (1920–21)
Spouse(s) Eva Braun
(29–30 April 1945)
Parents
Occupation Politician
Religion See: Religious views of Adolf Hitler
Signature
Military service
Allegiance  German Empire
Service/branch Bavarian Army
Years of service 1914–20
Rank
Unit
  • 16th Bavarian Reserve Regiment
  • Reichswehr intelligence
Battles/wars World War I
Awards

Adolf Hitler (German: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ]; 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of the German Reich, he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 and was central to the Holocaust.

Hitler was born in Austria, then part of Austria-Hungary, and raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. He joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, in 1919 and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923 he attempted a coup in Munich to seize power. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. Hitler frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish conspiracy.


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