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History of Halifax (former city)

Halifax
Jipugtug
Chebucto
Halafacs (Gaelic)
Urban Community
Halifax
Downtown Halifax
Map of the boundaries of the former City of Halifax, and its relationship to the rest of the Halifax Regional Municipality
Map of the boundaries of the former City of Halifax, and its relationship to the rest of the Halifax Regional Municipality
Halifax is located in Nova Scotia
Halifax
Halifax
Location of present day Halifax in Nova Scotia
Coordinates: 44°40′12″N 63°36′36″W / 44.67000°N 63.61000°W / 44.67000; -63.61000Coordinates: 44°40′12″N 63°36′36″W / 44.67000°N 63.61000°W / 44.67000; -63.61000
Country  Canada
Province  Nova Scotia
Census metropolitan area Halifax Regional Municipality
Community Halifax
Founded June 21, 1749
City 1842
Urban Area Community April 1, 1996
Area
 • Urban Community 97.2 km2 (37.54 sq mi)
 • Urban 262.65 km2 (101.41 sq mi)
 • Metro 5,528.25 km2 (2,134.47 sq mi)
 • City 97.23 km2 (37.54 sq mi)
Elevation 0–119 m (0-390 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Urban Community 130,130
 • Urban 297,943
 • Metro 413,700
Time zone AST (UTC-4)
 • Summer (DST) ADT (UTC-3)
Canadian Postal code B3H to B3S
Area code(s) 902, 782
GNBC Code CAPHL
NTS Map 011D12

Halifax, Nova Scotia was originally inhabited by the Mi'kmaq Peoples. The first European settlers to arrive in the future Halifax region were French, in the early 1600s, establishing the colony of Acadia. The British settled Halifax in 1749, which sparked Father Le Loutre's War. To guard against Mi'kmaq, Acadian, and French attacks on the new Protestant settlements, British fortifications were erected in Halifax (Citadel Hill) (1749), Bedford (Fort Sackville) (1749), Dartmouth (1750), and Lawrencetown (1754). St. Margaret's Bay first got settled by French-speaking Foreign Protestants at French Village, Nova Scotia who migrated from Lunenburg, Nova Scotia during the American Revolution. All of these regions were amalgamated into the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM) in 1996. While all of the regions of HRM developed separately over the last 250 years, their histories have also been intertwined.

The City of Halifax was an incorporated city in Nova Scotia, Canada, which was established as the Town of Halifax in 1749, and incorporated as a city in 1842. On April 1, 1996, the government of Nova Scotia dissolved the City of Halifax, and amalgamated the four municipalities within Halifax County and formed Halifax Regional Municipality, a single-tier regional government covering that whole area. The city was the capital of Nova Scotia and shire town of Halifax County. It was also the largest city in Atlantic Canada.

The Town of Halifax was founded by the Kingdom of Great Britain under the direction of the Board of Trade under the command of Governor Edward Cornwallis in 1749. The British founding of Halifax initiated Father Le Loutre's War. During the war, Mi'kmaq and Acadians raided the capital region 13 times.


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