Herut
|
Herut
חרות |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Leader |
Menachem Begin (1948–1983) Yitzhak Shamir (1983–1988) |
| Founded | 15 June 1948 |
| Dissolved | 1988 |
| Merged into | Likud |
| Headquarters | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Newspaper | Herut |
| Ideology |
Revisionist Zionism Conservatism Secularism Free market |
| Political position |
Far-right (1948-1951) Right-wing (1951-1988) |
| National affiliation |
Gahal (1965–1973) Likud (1973–1988) |
| Most MKs | 28 (1981, 1984) |
| Election symbol | |
| ח | |
Herut (Hebrew: חרות, Freedom) was the major right-wing nationalistpolitical party in Israel from 1948 until its formal merger into Likud in 1988. It was an adherent of Revisionist Zionism and was initially known in part for its militia actions; it became more moderate from 1951.
Herut was founded by Menachem Begin on 15 June 1948 as a successor to the Revisionist Irgun, a militant paramilitary group in Mandate Palestine. The new party was a challenge to the Hatzohar party established by Ze'ev Jabotinsky. Herut also established an eponymous newspaper, with many of its founding journalists defecting from Hatzohar's HaMashkif. Herut's political expectations were high as the first election approached in 1949. It took credit for driving the British government out and as a young movement, reflecting the esprit of the nation, it perceived its image as being more attractive than the old establishment. They hoped to win 25 seats, which would place them second and make them leader of the opposition, with potential for future gain of government power. This analysis was shared by other parties.
Objection to withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and negotiations with Arab states was the party's main platform in the first election. The party vigorously opposed the ceasefire agreements with the Arab states until the annexation of Gaza Strip and the West Bank, both before and after the election. Herut differentiated itself by refusing to recognise the legitimacy of the Kingdom of Jordan after the armistice, and frequently used the slogan "To the banks of the Jordan River" in claiming Israel's right to the whole of Eretz Israel/Palestine. According to Joseph Heller, Herut was a one-issue party intent on expanding Israel's borders.
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