Henry Hawley

Henry Hawley
Henry Hawley
Born	c. 1679
Died	24 March 1759
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1684–1759
Rank	Lieutenant General
Battles/wars	Jacobite risings
Awards	Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath

Lieutenant General Henry Hawley (c. 1679 – 24 March 1759) was a British Army officer who entered the army in 1694. He was born about 1685 and was given a commission in the army aged 9 years old.

He saw service in the War of Spanish Succession as a captain of Erie's (the 19th) Foot. After Almanza he returned to England, and a few years later had become lieutenant-colonel of the 19th. With this regiment he served at Sheriffmuir in 1715, where he was wounded.

In 1717 to 1730 he was Colonel of the 33rd Regiment of Foot

After this he served for some years in Britain, obtaining promotion in the usual course, and in 1739 he arrived at the grade of major general. Four years later he accompanied George II and Stair to Germany, and, as a general officer of cavalry under Sir John Cope, was present at Dettingen. George II was the last British monarch to lead his army into battle.

Becoming lieutenant-general somewhat later, he was second-in-command of the cavalry at Fontenoy, and on 20 December 1745 became commander-in-chief in Scotland. Less than a month later Hawley suffered a severe defeat at Falkirk at the hands of the Jacobite insurgents. This, however, did not cost him his command, for the Duke of Cumberland, who was soon afterwards sent north, was captain-general. Under Cumberland's orders Hawley led the cavalry in the campaign of Culloden, and at that battle his dragoons became infamous for their brutality to fugitive rebels, while he gained the nickname of Hangman Hawley.

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