Henry Clay Caldwell
| Henry Caldwell | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit | |
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In office June 16, 1891 – June 4, 1903 |
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| Preceded by | Seat established |
| Succeeded by | William Hook |
| Judge of the United States Circuit Court for the Eighth Circuit | |
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In office March 4, 1890 – June 16, 1891 |
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| Appointed by | Benjamin Harrison |
| Preceded by | David Brewer |
| Succeeded by | Seat abolished |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas | |
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In office June 20, 1864 – March 4, 1890 |
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| Appointed by | Abraham Lincoln |
| Preceded by | Daniel Ringo |
| Succeeded by | John Williams |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas | |
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In office June 20, 1864 – March 3, 1871 |
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| Appointed by | Abraham Lincoln |
| Preceded by | Daniel Ringo |
| Succeeded by | Seat abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
September 4, 1832 Marshall County, Virginia, U.S. (now West Virginia) |
| Died | February 15, 1915 (aged 82) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
Henry Clay Caldwell (September 4, 1832 – February 15, 1915) was a United States federal judge and Union Army officer.
Caldwell was born in what is now Marshall County, West Virginia, in 1835, in what was then Indian territory, and was largely self-educated, a circumstance credited with the cultivation of a homespun philosophy. He moved with his parents to Iowa in 1837, where his father, Van Caldwell, once a wealthy Virginia farmer, took land in the "Black Hawk Purchase" at Bentonsport and operated the first licensed ferry on the Des Moines River; his mother was Susan Moffit Caldwell. He was educated in the common schools of Iowa, and began reading law in the offices of Knapp and Wright in Keosauqua, Iowa, at the age of fifteen. He was admitted to the bar in 1857, according to some sources, and became a junior partner in the firm.
He was a Prosecuting attorney of Van Buren County, Iowa from 1856 to 1858, and a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from 1859 to 1861. In 1854 he married Harriet Benton. He enlisted in the 3rd Iowa Volunteer Cavalry in the United States Army, rising to the rank of Colonel, and attained command of the unit. He served with distinction at the Battle of Kirksville, and he led the cavalry forces that captured Little Rock, Arkansas, on September 10, 1863. He was nominated for promotion to general officer, but the territory required his judicial expertise more than his military ability and he resigned his commission June 4, 1864.
Subsequently, President Abraham Lincoln nominated Caldwell to both the United States District Court for the Eastern and Western Districts of Arkansas on May 2, 1864, both seats having been previously vacated by Daniel Ringo. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 28, and received commission on June 20. He served on that bench for over twenty-five years.
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