Henri Gadeau de Kerville (17 December 1858 in Rouen – 26 July 1940 in Bagnères-de-Luchon) was a French zoologist, entomologist, botanist and archeologist best known for his photographs of these subjects and especially for his work "Les Insectes phosphorescents: notes complémentaires et bibliographie générale (anatomie physiologie et biologie): avec quatre planches chromolithographiées", Rouen, L. Deshays, 1881.
He was educated at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen. He was a member of the Société des sciences naturelles et amis du Museum de Rouen (1878), the Société botanique de France (1882) and the Société préhistorique française (1911). In 1910 he founded a laboratory for experimental speleobiology in Saint-Paër. The Société zoologique de France and Société entomologique de France each offers a "Prix Gadeau de Kerville" for achievements in their respective fields.
His scientific collections and photographs brought back from his expeditions are kept at museums in Paris, London, Elbeuf and Rouen.