Princess Hedvig Sophia Augusta of Sweden (26 June 1681 – 22 December 1708), was a Swedish princess and a Duchess Consort of Holstein-Gottorp, the eldest child of King Charles XI of Sweden, and his spouse Queen Ulrica Eleanor. She was heir presumptive to the Swedish throne until her death and the regent of the duchy of Holstein-Gottorp for her minor son from 1702 to 1708. Some sources refer to her as Sofia.

Hedvig Sophia spent the majority of her upbringing at Karlberg Palace. After the death of her mother in 1693, she and her siblings were placed under the custody of her grandmother Hedvig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp. At the same time, she was personally taken care of by Juliana Schierberg, who was to be her lifelong and influential confidante. Hedvig Sophia was, and continued to be, the favorite of her grandmother. Due to her grandmother's influence, she came to harbor anti-Danish views. She was described as beautiful, passionate but dignified, and as a good student, particularly in painting. She was also noted to be cheerful in the otherwise strict Swedish court, and it was noted that her father spent more money on her than he was usually willing to do on other things.

Between 1697 and 1699, there was a Danish policy to create an alliance with Sweden through a double wedding between Charles XII of Sweden and Princess Sophia Hedwig of Denmark, and Prince Charles of Denmark and Hedvig Sophia of Sweden (after the marriage of Hedvig Sophia in 1698, she was replaced by Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden).Jens Juel (diplomat) are known to have engaged Beata Elisabet von Königsmarck to promote the matches. However, none of the marriages was materialized.

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