Harutiun Jangülian

Harutiun Jangülian (Armenian: Յարութիւն Ճանկիւլեան; 1855 – 15 June 1915) was an Armenian historian, political activist, and member of the Armenian National Assembly. He was especially known for his involvement in the Kum Kapu demonstration. He spent six years imprisoned in exile. He returned to Constantinople and continued his political activity after his release. Jangülian was arrested on 24 April 1915, at the beginning of the Armenian Genocide, deported, and ultimately executed.

Harutiun Jangülian was born to an Armenian family in 1855 in Van, within the Ottoman Empire. At the time, Van was considered one of the centers of the Armenian Revolutionary Movement. He joined the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party while in Van and moved to Constantinople in 1884. There Jangülian met leading political activist Hampartsoum Boyadjian of the Hnchak party. The two eventually became the chief organizers of the Kum Kapu demonstration.

Towards the close of the nineteenth century, Armenian revolutionary societies began to agitate for reform and renewed European attention to the Armenian Question. The Hnchak party in particular used mass demonstration tactics.

The Kum Kapu demonstration took place on 27 July 1890 in Constantinople's Kumkapı district, where the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople is located. Jangülian interrupted a mass by stepping onto the altar and reading aloud a statement concerning maltreatment of Armenians, which denounced the church's leadership as indifferent. Demonstrators then forced the patriarch to join a procession heading to Yildiz Palace to demand reforms for the Armenian provinces. As the procession formed, police surrounded the crowd and shots were fired, resulting in several fatalities, including that of a policeman. Other sources claim seven deaths, including four police.

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