Hanok
| Hanok | |
|
|
| Korean name | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 한옥 |
| Hanja | 韓屋 |
| Revised Romanization | hanok |
| McCune–Reischauer | hanok |
Hanok is a term to describe Korean traditional houses. Korean architecture lends consideration to the positioning of the house in relation to its surroundings, with thought given to the land and seasons.
The interior structure of the house is also planned accordingly. This principle is called Baesanimsu (Korean: 배산임수; Hanja:背山臨水), literally meaning that the ideal house is built with a mountain in the back and a river in the front. Baesanimsu utilizes the ondol heated rock system, a heating system unique to South Korea, during cold winters and a wide daecheong (대청) front porch for keeping the house cool during hot summers.
Houses differ according to region. In the cold northern regions of Korea, houses are built in a closed square form to retain heat better. In the central regions, houses are 'L' shaped. Houses in the southernmost regions of Korea are built in an open 'I' form. Houses can also be classified according to class and social status.
A hanok is a Korean house which was developed in Korean Peninsula and Manchuria.
Early Time
Paleolithic stayed in the cave or made temporary house. In Neolithic era, the temporary house developed into a dugout hut. They dug the ground with small shovel and built small house which used rafter, column. Woods was used for rafter and column, straw was used for roof. In Bronze Age, there were several columns in the house, so the area of house was extended rather than neolithic house. Iron Age's house had Ondol so house had heating system from that time. The house also used Giwa, a kind of roofing tile which was made with baked soil. By using Giwa roof tile, hanok got to have its own specific shape.
The time of enlightenment
After or during the time of enlightenment, lots of foreginers visited, stayed and lived in Korea. For this reason, Christianity was peppered throughout in Korea. Especially, Anglicanism, Catholic tried to be naturalized. So they built their church using Korean traditional architecture. This church is located in Ganghwa County, Jincheon County, Cheongju.
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Wikipedia