Haloperidol

Haloperidol

Clinical data
Pronunciation	/hæloʊpɛridɒl/
Trade names	Haldol
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682180
Pregnancy category	AU: C US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of administration	by mouth, IM, IV, depot (as decanoate ester)
ATC code	N05AD01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: ℞-only UK: POM (Prescription only) US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	60–70% (Oral)
Protein binding	~90%
Metabolism	Liver-mediated
Biological half-life	14–26 hours (IV), 20.7 hours (IM), 14–37 hours (oral)
Excretion	Biliary (hence in feces) and in urine
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one
CAS Number	52-86-8 Y
PubChem (CID)	3559
IUPHAR/BPS	86
DrugBank	DB00502 Y
ChemSpider	3438 Y
UNII	J6292F8L3D Y
KEGG	D00136 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:5613 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL54 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.142
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H23ClFNO2
Molar mass	375.9 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES c1cc(ccc1C(=O)CCCN2CCC(CC2)(c3ccc(cc3)Cl)O)F
InChI InChI=1S/C21H23ClFNO2/c22-18-7-5-17(6-8-18)21(26)11-14-24(15-12-21)13-1-2-20(25)16-3-9-19(23)10-4-16/h3-10,26H,1-2,11-15H2 Y Key:LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Haloperidol, marketed under the trade name Haldol among others, is a typical antipsychotic medication. Haloperidol is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, tics in Tourette syndrome, mania in bipolar disorder, nausea and vomiting, delirium, agitation, acute psychosis, and hallucinations in alcohol withdrawal. It may be used by mouth, as an injection into a muscle, or intravenously. Haloperidol typically works within thirty to sixty minutes. A long-acting formulation may be used as an injection every four weeks in people with schizophrenia or related illnesses, who either forget or refuse to take the medication by mouth.

Haloperidol may result in a movement disorder known as tardive dyskinesia which may be permanent. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and QT interval prolongation may occur. In older people with psychosis due to dementia it results in an increased risk of death. When taken during pregnancy it may result in problems in the infant. It should not be used in people with Parkinson's disease.

Haloperidol was discovered in 1958 by Paul Janssen. It was made from meperidine. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is the most commonly used typical antipsychotic. The yearly cost of the typical dose of haloperidol is about 20 to 800 pounds (30 to 1,250 US dollars) in the United Kingdom. The cost in the United States is around 250 US dollars a year.