Gymkhana (motorcycle)

Motorcycle gymkhana is a motorcycle time trial sport in which riders compete to maneuvre in the shortest time through a paved course restricted by traffic cones or other obstacles. Motorcycle gymkhana is especially popular in Japan.

After walking the course to familiarize themselves with the obstacles, participants ride through individually in a predetermined order. Each rider runs the course once in the morning and once in the afternoon, and his fastest time determines his placing.

Motorcycle Gymkhana is relatively open to beginners, because riders need little equipment and no special license to participate. Events are usually held at closed courses such as driving schools, parking lots, small circuits, or other paved lots. The layout of the course is designed by the organizer and is different for each event.

The riders generally use only first and second gear, because of the course's tight turns. The speed range is therefore usually low or moderate. There is a high probability of falling due to the instability of motorcycles at low speeds, but injuries and damage to motorcycles are rare.

Because of the tight course layout of gymkhana, smaller and lighter motorcycles often have an advantage over larger ones. However, courses may include long, straight sections in addition to tight turns, so various sizes and styles of machine are potential contenders.

Motorcycle gymkhana requires technique, ability, knowledge, and motorcycle experience. Riders must know not only the techniques of acceleration, braking, handling, and weight transfer, but also how to tune the machine to maximize performance. An analytical mind to assess the course for the most efficient racing lines is essential.

Motorcycles used in gymkhana must be street legal. A machine must have one wheel at the front and one wheel at the rear. The regulations do not place any limitations on engine displacement, nor on styles such as naked, super-sports, cruisers, scooters, or on-road versus off-road. Tyres must be street legal, so racing tyres such as dry slicks and super motard slicks are not allowed. Treads must be deep enough, and worn-out tyres are not allowed. Exhaust noise is limited to 100 dB. There must be no sharp edges at the end of handlebars, levers, pedals, or any other projections.

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Wikipedia