Guru Har Krishan
| Guru Harkrishan ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਜੀ |
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A fresco of Guru Har Krishan ca. 1745
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| Born |
July 7, 1656 Kiratpur, Sivalik Hills, Mughal Empire (Present day India) |
| Died |
March 30, 1664 (aged 7) Delhi, Mughal Empire (Present day India) |
| Other names | The Eighth Master, The Child Guru |
| Years active | 1661–1664 |
| Known for | Helping patients at Delhi |
| Predecessor | Guru Har Rai |
| Successor | Guru Tegh Bahadur |
| Spouse(s) | 0 |
| Children | 0 |
| Parent(s) | Guru Har Rai and Mata Krishen |
Guru Har Krishan ([ɡʊru həɾ kɾɪʃən]; 7 July 1656 – 30 March 1664) was the eighth of the ten Sikh Gurus. At the age of 5, he became the youngest Guru in Sikhism on 7 October 1661, succeeding his father, Guru Har Rai. He contracted smallpox and died of the disease in 1664 before reaching his 8th birthday.
He is also known as Bal Guru (Child Guru), and sometimes spelled in Sikh literature as Hari Krishan. He is remembered in the Sikh tradition for saying "Baba Bakale" before he died, which Sikhs interpreted to identify his granduncle Guru Tegh Bahadur as the next successor. Guru Har Krishan had the shortest tenure as Guru, lasting only 2 years, 5 months and 24 days.
Har Krishan ji was born in Kiratpur (Sivalik Hills) in northwest Indian subcontinent to Krishen Devi (Mata Sulakhni) and Guru Har Rai ji.
His father, Guru Har Rai ji supported the moderate Sufi influenced Dara Shikoh instead of conservative Sunni influenced Aurangzeb as the two brothers entered into a war of succession to the Mughal Empire throne. After Aurangzeb won the succession war in 1658, he summoned Guru Har Rai in 1660 to explain his support for the executed Dara Shikoh. Har Rai sent his elder son Ram Rai to represent him. Aurangzeb kept the 13 year old Ram Rai as hostage, questioned Ram Rai about a verse in the Adi Granth – the holy text of Sikhs at that time. Aurangzeb claimed that it disparaged the Muslims. Ram Rai changed the verse to appease Aurangzeb instead of standing by the Sikh scripture, an act for which Guru Har Rai excommunicated his elder son, and nominated the younger Har Krishan to succeed as the next Guru of Sikhism.
Aurangzeb meanwhile rewarded Ram Rai, patronizing him with land grants in Dehra Dun region of the Himalayas. A few years after Guru Har Krishan assumed the role of Sikh leader, Aurangzeb summoned the young Guru to his court, with an apparent plan to replace him with his elder brother Ram Rai as the Sikh Guru. However, Har Rai contracted smallpox when he arrived in Delhi and his meeting with Aurangzeb was cancelled. On his deathbed, Har Krishan said, "Baba Bakale", and died in 1664. The Sikh religious organization interpreted those words to mean that the next Guru is to be found in Bakale village, which they identified as Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhism.
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