Gungsangnorbu

Gungsangnorbu (1871–1930) was an Inner Mongolian prince and politician of the Republic of China. Some scholars describe him as a moderate, progressive moderniser caught between the influence of conservative older leaders and young radicals. Others describe him less favourably as a conservative who, despite his early activities for promoting education, would go on to become protective of his own rights and interest as a member of the nobility, and suspicious of young Mongols who had received a modern education as potential challengers to those interests.

His Mongolian name, which is of Tibetan origin, is transcribed into Chinese as Chinese: 貢桑諾爾布; pinyin: Gòngsāngnuò'ěrbù. In the (proleptic) Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet, it is written Гүнсэнноров (Günsennorov). His courtesy name was Chinese: 樂亭; pinyin: Lètíng. His art-name was Chinese: 夔庵; pinyin: Kuí'ān.

Gungsangnorbu was prince of Right Harqin Banner (today part of Chifeng). In 1902, he established what has been described as one of the first modern schools in Inner Mongolia. In 1903, he was invited to visit Japan along with a group of Manchu nobles, where he was highly impressed with the Meiji period reforms; upon his return to Inner Mongolia established a military school and a girls' school, both with Japanese teachers. Among his pupils there was Serengdongrub. Later, he sent a small number of Mongolian students to Japan, including Altanochir.

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